Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: 5G NR resource time–frequency (OFDM symbols-carriers) grid for SCS = 30 kHz. From top to bottom: one frame consists of 10 subframes, one subframe contains 2 slots, one slot comprises 14 OFDM symbols, and each symbol spans N fft subcarriers. Time-domain OFDM symbols are transformed via FFT to obtain the time–frequency grid. In the grid representation, gray indicates unused (empty) resource elements, while blue denotes active components of the 5G NR waveform, including SSB, PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, and DM-RS.

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques: Transformation Assay

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: Operations performed in the 5G NR-based ISAC receiver.

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques:

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structure of the 5G synchronization signal block (SSB).

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques: Blocking Assay

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experiment methodology. Each generated 5G waveform was transmitted over a real radio channel and recorded. The received stream was segmented and synchronized using the 5G SSB, after which a reconstructed transmit copy was obtained through 5G communication processing. Radar sensing was then performed using the reconstructed and received data. Genie-aided (GA) ground-truth values were obtained by replacing the reconstructed copy with the original error-free waveform. Detections from each radar configuration were validated against the GA reference (1—valid, 0—not valid), and PNFR and POD statistics were computed.

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques: Generated

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time–frequency (symbol-carrier) grids of 5G signals used in field measurements: signal A ( top ), signal B ( bottom-left ), and signal C ( bottom-right ).

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques:

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: Set-up of the 5G NR-based passive bistatic radar experiment.

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques:

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Experimental Evaluation of 5G NR OFDM-Based Passive Radar Exploiting Reference, Control, and User Data

doi: 10.3390/s26041317

Figure Lengend Snippet: Simulation geometry. Screenshot from the MATLAB site viewer showing OpenStreetMap buildings (gray blocks) after placing the transmitter (red indicator) and receiver (blue indicator) and performing ray-tracing simulations (lines).

Article Snippet: During the experiments, we transmitted three different 5G signals generated using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox.

Techniques: